Which term refers to the imaginary lines that measure distance north or south of the equator?

The term that refers to the imaginary lines measuring distance north or south of the equator is latitude. Latitude lines, also known as parallels, run horizontally around the Earth, with the equator situated at 0 degrees latitude. As one moves toward the poles, the latitude increases, reaching 90 degrees at the North and South Poles.

Longitude, on the other hand, measures distance east or west of the Prime Meridian, which is aligned vertically. Coordinates represent a specific location on the Earth's surface using both latitude and longitude but do not specifically refer to either of the lines individually. Regions generally denote areas of the Earth defined by certain criteria, such as geological, cultural, or political factors, rather than a measurement of distance from the equator. Thus, latitude specifically addresses the measurement of distance north or south of the equator.